Resumen En el presente artículo reflexiono sobre cómo el concepto de “obra” ha llegado a ocupar un lugar determinante en el pensamiento sobre el arte y en el modo de experimentarlo y comprenderlo. Presento igualmente algunos elementos de reflexión sobre la ontología de la “obra” para centrarme en el caso de las obras musicales, “mutantes ontológicos”, que han sido objeto de atención preferente de la filosofía analítica. Esta reflexión, sin embargo, al poner en primer término las consideraciones ontológicas relativas las (...) condiciones de identidad de la obra han acabado desarrollando tesis que renuncian a los componentes estéticos y atentan contra nuestras convicciones y prácticas más asentadas. Por ello, finalmente apelo a la conveniencia de privilegiar un enfoque histórico para comprender que hay más música que obras musicales.In this article I reflect on how the concept of "work" has come to occupy a determining place in our thinking about art and in the way we experience and understand it. I also present some elements of reflection on the ontology of the "work" in order to focus on the case of musical works, "ontological mutants", that have been the object of preferential attention of analytical philosophy. This reflection, however, by putting in the foreground the ontological considerations concerning the conditions of identity of the work, has ended up developing theses that forget the aesthetic components and go against our most established convictions and practices. For this reason, I finally appeal to the convenience of privileging a historical approach in order to understand that there is more to music than musical works. (shrink)

Nursing staff plays a key role in the public health response to the COVID-19 pandemic, being in the front line of care. This study sought to synthesise the qualitative literature on care experiences of frontline nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. A search was conducted on five databases in January 2021. Fifteen qualitative studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the research, being submitted to interpretive meta-synthesis according to the eMERGe guide. The final synthesis included a line of argument (...) that shows the experiences of frontline nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic, divided into three major themes: ‘Instability on the edge of a cliff: unpredictable and unknown context,’ ‘The price of walking the tightrope: the uncertainty surrounding care,’ and ‘Finding the balance to reach the other side: dealing with the emotional demands of care.’ Although essential in the health response to the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses experienced an emotional impact arising from the hampered care provision. Our results point to need for strengthening the training of nurses and future nurses, creating and promoting measures that contribute to their psycho-emotional well-being, ensuring a safe environment for their clinical practice, and promoting their participation in decision-making processes. (shrink)

Retraction note: Sacaluga Rodríguez, I., Vargas Delgado, J. J. & Pérez García, A. (2022). Tourist experiences shared and viralized by travelers through networks: factors and facilitators. HUMAN REVIEW. International Humanities Revista Internacional De Humanidades, 15(7), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.37467/revhuman.v11.4376 The Editorial Office of Eurasia Academic Publishing Group has retracted this article. An investigation carried out by our Research Integrity Department has found a group of articles, among which this one is found, that are not within the thematic scope of the journal. (...) We believe that the editorial process was manipulated and, furthermore, acceptance decisions were made under possibly inappropriate peer review. (shrink)

The use of wireless sensor networks and the Internet of things to detect forest fire outbreaks may help to reduce the response time and avoid natural disasters. This work proposes the deployment of WSN to enhance the real-time monitoring of dynamic variables such as polluting gases, temperature or the presence of fire flames by infrared. In addition, the activation of forest fire alerts if environmental status may involve evidence of a recent fire outbreak. A fuzzy-based controller is implemented to manage (...) the uncertainty related to estimating forest fire occurrence and dynamic update of fuzzy sets is developed to distinguish usual and unusual environmental conditions of every monitored forest area. Merkle trees, AES and hash functions are considered to protect the integrity of environmental data. (shrink)

PurposeThis study aims to review the theory based on «otherness» as a form of social exclusion and symbolic violence from the constructions of realities of the media, with particular emphasis on the ethics and aesthetics of language and its role in materializing identity differences.Design/methodology/approachA search for specific criteria andbooleanalgorithms is carried out in Web of Science and Scopus on «otherness» [AND] «social exclusion», to then submit the emerging results to a co-occurrence matrix by citations with VOSViewer v. 1.6.13. From the (...) relation tree of the most cited documents [min = 7] of the downloaded articles, a critical/analytical reading is made.Findings«Otherness» is reviewed to a greater extent from a Western perspective, and more specifically, from a Eurocentric one. This implies that the study of «otherness» is not sufficiently analyzed by Asian or African authors, who are excluded from the analysis. In this sense, «otherness» is understood as a theoretical construct and as any symbolic construction of the other (phenotypically, but also in ideology, values and customs), but which carries a load of stereotypes that can become polarization, demonization, ergo and violence.Originality/valueRevisiting «otherness» as an informative construct becomes imperative in light of the emergence of extremist groups and xenophobic parties, as well as separatist policies such as Brexit or the Catalan split in Spain. Few articles contribute to elaborating a complete conceptual construct on «otherness» as an epistemological category of communication and information, so this research effort attempts to compile its theoretical discussion. (shrink)

Business knowledge management is a crucial element and a quality differentiator in the services provided by organizations. However, despite their knowledge, due to the lack of strategic knowledge management, reinsurance companies in Colombia limit their organizational development, their strategies to respond to competition, and the generation of opportunities for expansion into other markets. This issue may converge in an inadequate and non-harmonic organizational culture. This paper analyzes and interprets the study categories: prevention, mitigation, transfer, acceptance, research, and appropriation of knowledge (...) on management carried out by reinsurance organizations in Bogota, Colombia. The aim is to establish indicators that respond to the potential effects of reinsurance. The study uses a qualitative approach, descriptive scope, and case study design. From the formulation of improvement guidelines, it has been possible to establish that the companies in the reinsurance sector, taken as a unit of study, have been made aware of the importance and role of adequate knowledge management in the progress and the business projection. (shrink)

La educación patrimonial crítica es un enfoque didáctico que facilita al alumnado reconsiderar su relación con el entorno. Busca promover el sentido de pertenencia, la empatía y el respeto por la diversidad de perspectivas, empoderando a los estudiantes como agentes de cambio social, a través del ejercicio de la ciudadanía democrática. De este modo, favorece el cuestionamiento de narrativas dominantes y la recuperación de la memoria democrática, dándole voz a todas aquellas historias ocultas y sometidas al olvido. Con el presente (...) estudio se pretende contribuir a la reparación de pasados difíciles mediante una situación de aprendizaje que emplea métodos activos de enseñanza y se lleva a cabo en las aulas de Bachillerato de un centro educativo rural, localizado en la Ribeira Sacra ourensana. Los resultados que se muestran parecen indicar que además de recuperar patrimonializar la memoria democrática de la zona, se promovió el diálogo intergeneracional y se favoreció el desarrolló de pensamiento crítico en el alumnado. (shrink)

Lejos de nuestros modelos, la palabra desorden suele designar la riada anónima del exterior. Querría señalar la fuerza ciega de una corriente humana y terrenal, impetuosamente aleatoria, de la que debemos protegernos. Pero éste no es un libro de ética al estilo usual. No opera con la contraposición del bien al mal, no busca un conjunto de prescripciones para una vida mejor ni una idea del deber que guíe la acción. No intenta que los hombres aprendan a conducirse en términos (...) supuestamente morales, sino que cada uno asuma su indescifrable signo natal y le dé una forma de vida. El vínculo entre ética y alegría, entre moral y fuerza, ha sido peligrosamente olvidado. La disciplina no es reclamada por las señas externas de la organización, sino por el desarrollo interior de la potencia. Este libro intenta actualizar la vieja certeza, oriental y occidental, de que las contingencias externas acaecen siempre con un orden oculto, remotamente inteligible. Según tal experiencia, el pensamiento no es en primer lugar un acto reflexivo que pueda o no realizarse, sino la turbulencia secreta de cualquier presencia material, por apacible que parezca. Lo mismo es ser y pensar, se afirma ya antes de Platón. Se trata de una experiencia vertiginosa y a la vez común, admitida en la más llana –aunque no siempre expresable– sabiduría popular. Si aquí se tiene la pretensión de defenderla, de modo suficientemente comprensible, es por la intención de mostrarla en la más cotidiana y banal actualidad. (shrink)

Contemporáneamente se reivindica la certeza en todos los espacios, también en el de la creencia: si una creencia no puede certificarse (hecha cierta), se considera infundada. En este artículo me propongo analizar la noción de “certeza” con ayuda de las reflexiones de Wittgenstein y aplicar ese análisis al caso particular de la creencia religiosa. Al mismo tiempo, trato de mostrar que cuando se defiende o se critica que la creencia ha de venir avalada por razones, se invoca una determinada arquitectura (...) epistémica que singulariza la razón como una facultad cuyas posibilidades y cuyo modo de funcionamiento vienen impuestos por la naturaleza del objeto conocido, que a su vez ha sido determinada por la razón misma. En este aparente círculo vicioso, es necesario revisar la idea de “razón” para permitir que la realidad, con su riqueza, pueda ser abordada con “razones”. (shrink)

La apertura contemporánea del concepto de ¿arte¿ nos obliga a buscar un nuevo modelo de diálogo institucionalizado, una estética dialógica que pueda dar lugar a una estética de mínimos que delinee las líneas maestras para reconocer algo como arte y proporcionar al espíritu creador un marco en el que desarrollarse.

Resumen: En este trabajo, se observa la variación fonética del fonema oclusivo bilabial sonoro en el español no estándar en una muestra de hablantes chilenos de ocho ciudades, cuyas ubicaciones geográficas permiten cubrir los principales sectores urbanos del país. En los resultados se evidencia un marcado uso del alófono aproximante labiodental sonoro en este tipo de habla y un comportamiento relativamente homogéneo en todo el país respecto de las principales variantes del fonema oclusivo bilabial sonoro. La comparación del fonema oclusivo (...) bilabial sonoro entre el español no estándar y el estándar muestra marcadas diferencias, datos que sugieren un cambio lingüístico en proceso desde el alófono aproximante bilabial sonoro al alófono aproximante labiodental sonoro.: In this study, we observed the phonetic variation of voiced bilabial occlusive phoneme in non-standard Spanish in a sample of Chilean speakers from cities whose geographical locations allow to cover the main urban sectors of the country. The results that show a marked use of voiced labiodental approximant allophone in this type of speech an a relatively homogenous behaviour in the whole country of the main variants of the voiced bilabial occlusive phoneme are presented. The comparison of voiced bilabial occlusive phoneme between non-standard and standard Spanish shows clear differences, data that suggest a linguistic change in process from voiced bilabial approximant allophone to voiced labiodental approximant allophone. (shrink)

Business Ethics: A European Review, EarlyView.

Ecuador enfrenta el reto de equilibrar el desarrollo económico con la preservación ambiental, especialmente tras la Constitución de 2008 que promueve la sostenibilidad. Sin embargo, existen tensiones y contradicciones entre las políticas de desarrollo económico y la conservación ambiental. El estudio analiza cómo la ambigüedad en las normativas constitucionales sobre derechos ambientales y desarrollo económico afecta la resolución de conflictos en arbitrajes internacionales y su impacto en la sostenibilidad ambiental y el desarrollo económico entre 2000 y 2024. Se utilizó un (...) enfoque mixto (cualitativo-cuantitativo), combinando revisión bibliográfica, análisis de casos de arbitraje internacional, encuestas y datos estadísticos. La ambigüedad normativa dificulta la resolución de conflictos en arbitrajes internacionales, impactando negativamente la sostenibilidad y el desarrollo económico. Casos como Chevron III ilustran la complejidad de equilibrar derechos de inversión con obligaciones ambientales. Comparando con Colombia y Brasil, se identifica que, aunque Ecuador tiene enfoques innovadores, enfrenta desafíos similares en implementación efectiva. Se requieren reformas legislativas para clarificar normativas ambientales, fortalecer la capacidad institucional y promover la participación de la sociedad civil en la elaboración de políticas. Es crucial alinear las normas nacionales con estándares internacionales para mejorar la protección ambiental y fomentar un desarrollo económico sostenible. (shrink)

La investigación que aquí se presenta es una reflexión en torno a la idea de cultura constitucional. Para ello se parte primero de una serie de conceptos constitucionales basilares, para posteriormente desgranar cuál es el concepto y caracteres de la noción, sus principales desarrollos para posteriormente fijar la vista en España y su peculiar idiosincrasia constitucional, de ayer, hoy y siempre.

Linked to extractive practices, territorial dispossession can be traced back to the colonisation of Abya Yala. From a decolonial commitment, this article complicates notions of dispossession and extractivism as merely emerging from war in Colombia and focuses on their presence in Campesinas territories. Based on the conceptualisations of the coloniality of power and coloniality of gender, I narrate how territorial dispossession and extractivism are felt in women’s ‘body-lands’ through foreign tourism/conservation development and new export crops in two rural veredas in (...) the Colombian Andes and in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta where I conducted participatory visual projects in 2016. From a relational understanding of place, I also demonstrate the ways that the rural population is resisting and negotiating within these processes. Ultimately, I make a call for feminist scholars to politically commit to the dismantling of the coloniality of gender, and to the resistances to territorial dispossession and extractivism (epistemic and economic) that rural women are leading in place in the Global South. (shrink)

In this article, I use Lorena Cabnal’s notion of territorio cuerpo-tierra to analyse seventeen in-depth interviews with women leaders of rural social movements and other organisations in Colombia. In the interviews, social leaders condemn violence that is epistemic, systemic, militarised and that permeates all ambits of life. They denounce how the coloniality of power operates, while at the same time they propose alternatives for a better life from their own cosmovisions by enacting food sovereignty and constructing feminisms from ‘below’. I (...) demonstrate how these social leaders’ actions are entangled in decolonial feminist struggles, which undermine the way in which women in the Global South have been constructed as ‘objects’ or ‘in need of saving’. These women are not ‘victims who need saving’, but politically active subjects who enact change locally and nationally through their ‘territories bodies-lands’. Not only do their narratives highlight the intimate relationship of the body with the land, but I argue that we must follow their lead in order to dismantle the coloniality of power. (shrink)

El método clínico surge desde las relaciones humanas más primitivas y aún cuando se encuentra en constante evolución no se consigue su adecuada aplicación. El estudio de este método científico constituye uno de los temas más importantes que guían la praxis médica, ostenta ciertos caracteres que se entrelazan dialécticamente imposibles de desligar, centrados esencialmente en la relación médico-paciente con el objetivo de arribar al diagnóstico de una enfermedad determinada, por lo cual, se brindan algunas consideraciones teóricas a partir del análisis (...) de sus conceptualizaciones y atributos más significativos y se elabora una definición de método clínico. The clinical method faces constant evolution, in spite of the issues that affect its application. The study of this scientific method constitutes one of the most important topics that lead medical praxis. It entails several characteristics dialectically intertwined that focus mainly on the doctor-patient relation for the diagnosis of a given disease. The objective of this article is to provide some theoretical considerations based on the analysis of its main concepts and attributes. (shrink)

Introducción: Los cambios biológicos, sicológicos, económicos y sociales que se observan durante el envejecimiento conllevan a pensar que en los ancianos existe una serie de factores que favorecen la aparición de una depresión. Objetivo: evaluar la efectividad de una intervención sicológica para disminuir la depresión en adultos mayores de la Casa de abuelos "Dr. Diego Tamayo Figueredo", de Puerto Padre, en el período de noviembre de 2013 - mayo de 2014. Material y métodos: se realizó un estudio de intervención sicológica (...) en una muestra de 12 adultos mayores de la casa de abuelos. Se aplicó un programa de intervención sicológica, así como la Escala de Depresión Geriátrica para realizar la valoración antes y después de la intervención. Se empleó el modelo Cognitivo- Conductual de Beck. Los datos fueron tratados según la estadística descriptiva. Resultados: el porciento más elevado de pacientes correspondió al grupo de ancianos con edades entre los 60 y 90 años de edad. Respecto al sexo, el más frecuente es el masculino. El asma bronquial, la hipertensión arterial y la diabetes Mellitus representaron el mayor porciento de antecedentes patológicos personales. Conclusión: la intervención sicológica resultó efectiva pues se logró disminuir a leve los niveles iniciales de depresión establecida y los considerados con leve a no depresión, por lo tanto se afirma que con su aplicación fue modificado el estado emocional de los adultos mayores que se implicaron en la muestra. Introduction: Biological, psychological, financial and social changes observed during aging lead to think that there is a series of factors that favor the appearance of depression in senior citizens. Objective: Assessing the effectiveness of a psychological intervention in order to reduce depression in senior citizens from "Dr. Diego Tamayo Figueredo" Senior Citizens' House, Puerto Padre, from November 2013 to May 2014. Material and methods: A psychological intervention study was conducted on a sample of 12 senior citizens from the house. A psychological intervention program as well as the Geriatrics Depression Scale were applied before and after the intervention in order to make the assessment. The Beck's cognitive-behavior model was used. Data was processed according to descriptive statistics. Results: The highest percentage of patients corresponded to a group of seniors between 60 and 90 years of age. Regarding sex, males are more common. Bronchial asthma, arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus represented the highest percentage of personal pathological history. Conclusion: The psychological intervention proved to be effective since initial established depression levels were reduced to minor and those considered as minor were reduced to no depression ; therefore, it is stated that its application modified the state of mind of the senior citizens involved in the sample. (shrink)

Definir el arte ha sido un intento que ha caracterizado buena parte de la reflexión estética contemporánea. En este articulo intentamos examinar la validez de las definiciones generales y nos plantearemos si es siquiera necesario (y posible) emprender tal definición y, de ser así, trataremos de apuntar algunas pistas de trabajo para los teóricos del arte.

Planteada la problemática del tiempo y rechazada la hipótesis dicotómica, es decir, la existencia exclusiva de un tiempo cuantitativo y otro cualitativo, el autor analiza la pluralidad de tiempos irreductibles entre sí, para elaborar una taxonomía de los conceptos de tiempo, interpretados, cada uno de ellos, como un gran campo semántico generado en un proceso semejante al de la creación de metáforas. Todos estos conceptos portan en sí caracteres comunes, que constituyen el núcleo intensional del concepto de tiempo, en el (...) que se apoya el significado del concepto. (shrink)

The study here is a qualitative research based on multiple case studies of banking service providers to analyze the role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the definition of the corporate identity of these kinds of organizations. The results show that, although companies increasingly integrate CSR into their business strategies, there are some aspects of its management such as its communication or the measurement of its results that detract from its success. These results have important implications for those managers pursuing (...) an effective management of CSR policies and strategies in their organizations, especially as the information comes from 6 of the biggest and most important banking institutions in a European country, with a declared assets (loans) volume which represents 62.75% of the total assets in the national banking industry, and thus largely representing the possible heterogeneity of the market in terms of company size, location, legal status, and management styles. (shrink)

Los objetivos de nuestro estudio se basarán en ahondar en que el verdadero prosumer ha conformado la personificación de la interactividad absoluta en la generación de mensajes, historias o cualquier otro tipo de contenidos. Por tanto, se subraya que no solo es trascendental para la eficacia de una narración la estructura y los ingredientes de ésta, sino también la manera en que se cuenta, el medio utilizado y la plataforma de visualización. También resulta relevante el sentido de la fragmentación de (...) la propia narración para el éxito de su hiperconectividad argumental y emocional. (shrink)

Although research on the corporate social responsibility (CSR) dimension of corporate image has notably increased in recent years, the definition and measurement of the concept for academic purposes still concern researchers. In this article, literature regarding the measurement of CSR image from a customer viewpoint is revised and areas of improvement are identified. A multistage method is implemented to develop and to validate a reliable scale based on stakeholder theory. Results demonstrate the reliability and validity of this new scale for (...) measuring customer perceptions regarding the CSR performance of their service providers. With regard to this, CSR includes corporate responsibilities towards customers, shareholders, employees and society. The scale is consistent among diverse customer cohorts with different gender, age and level of education. Furthermore, results also confirm the applicability of this new scale to structural equation modelling. (shrink)

Corporate governance (CG) can be seen to operate through a 'double agency' relationship: one between the shareholders and corporate management, and another between the corporate management and the firm's employees. The CG and labour management of firms are closely related. A particularly productive way to study how CG affects and is affected by the employment relationship has been to compare CG across countries. The contributions of this paper to that literature are threefold. (1) An integration of aspects of the labour (...) management literature in the CG debate. (2) Based on a sample of about 1000 firms from 31 countries, we find evidence of complementarities between the CG and the labour management of firms. Extreme cases, in general, outperform mixed cases. (3) Firm differences within countries are more important than scholars have assumed so far. We present the results of the study and implications for future research and for practice. (shrink)

Crónica del congreso internacional ¿Art and Time¿, celebrado en la School of Humanities de la ANU (Australian Nacional University), en Canberra, durante los días 3 y 4 de noviembre de 2005.

Sport is an emotional experience. Studies have shown that high emotional intelligence (EI) is associated with better sports performance, though different aspects of sports experience and their relationship with EI are still unclear. This study examined the possible relationships between sports experience and EI dimensions of undergraduate athletes. Likewise, according to the differences described in the literature between men and women, the secondary aim was to identify the possible relationship between EI and sports experience in both subgroups. A total of (...) 1784 [712 men (39.9%), 1072 women (60.1%); mean age = 21.3 years, SD = 4.2)] undergraduate athletes completed the Trait Meta Mood Scale and a sports experience questionnaire. Comparisons between groups were performed using Mann–Whitney-Uand H-Kruskal–Wallis tests and correlations between variables were analyzed using Spearman correlation. We found that the number of different sports practiced and the number of years practicing sports were positively associated with emotional repair (ER). However, the number of years practicing sports was negatively associated with emotional attention (EA). Male athletes who trained more and had a higher competitive level were more likely to show higher ER. In any case, it is necessary to take into account that all the associations were weak. Our study suggested that athletes tend to attend to and value their feelings and use positive thinking to repair their negative moods. (shrink)